{"id":43222,"date":"2021-04-26T17:35:04","date_gmt":"2021-04-26T22:35:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/?p=43222"},"modified":"2021-04-26T17:35:12","modified_gmt":"2021-04-26T22:35:12","slug":"podcast-325-dr-jc-beall-the-contradictory-christ-part-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/podcast-325-dr-jc-beall-the-contradictory-christ-part-2\/","title":{"rendered":"podcast 325 \u2013 Dr. Jc Beall \u2013 The Contradictory Christ \u2013 Part 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"powerpress_player\" id=\"powerpress_player_3090\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-43222-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"http:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/trinities\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/podcast\/trinities325.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"http:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/trinities\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/podcast\/trinities325.mp3\">http:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/trinities\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/podcast\/trinities325.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/div><p class=\"powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3\" style=\"margin-bottom: 1px !important;\">Podcast: <a href=\"http:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/trinities\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/podcast\/trinities325.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_pinw\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Play in new window\" onclick=\"return powerpress_pinw('https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/?powerpress_pinw=43222-podcast');\" rel=\"nofollow\">Play in new window<\/a> | <a href=\"http:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/trinities\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/podcast\/trinities325.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_d\" title=\"Download\" rel=\"nofollow\" download=\"trinities325.mp3\">Download<\/a><\/p><p class=\"powerpress_links powerpress_subscribe_links\">Subscribe: <a href=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/show\/7FuUF9DZM3zhtN41n6RJ6l\" class=\"powerpress_link_subscribe powerpress_link_subscribe_spotify\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Subscribe on Spotify\" rel=\"nofollow\">Spotify<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/subscribebyemail.com\/trinities.org\/blog\/feed\/podcast\/\" class=\"powerpress_link_subscribe powerpress_link_subscribe_email\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Subscribe by Email\" rel=\"nofollow\">Email<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/feed\/podcast\/\" class=\"powerpress_link_subscribe powerpress_link_subscribe_rss\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Subscribe via RSS\" rel=\"nofollow\">RSS<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/back-to-school-913072_640.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43230\" width=\"377\" height=\"248\" srcset=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/back-to-school-913072_640.jpg 640w, https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/back-to-school-913072_640-450x295.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 377px) 100vw, 377px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Consider the sentence <strong>&#8220;This sentence is false.&#8221;<\/strong> If it is true, then (as it says) it is false. And if it is false, then  what it says (i.e. that it&#8217;s false) must be true. Why not, then, say that the sentence is <em>both <\/em>true <em>and <\/em>false? <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this episode Dr. Beall argues that if one says instead that the above sentence is neither true nor false, that may be plausible, but the same answer won&#8217;t work for this sentence: <strong>&#8220;This sentence is <em>either <\/em>false <em>or <\/em>neither true nor false (aka &#8216;gappy&#8217;).&#8221;<\/strong> If the sentence is true, this requires one side or the other of the disjunction to true &#8211; so it must be either false or neither. But if it can&#8217;t be both true and false, we must reject the first option. And we must reject the second option too, for if it is neither true nor false, then it can&#8217;t also be (as we&#8217;re supposing) true. It can&#8217;t then, be (only) true. But can it be either false or neither? It would seem not. Suppose it is false: that would require the falsity of both disjuncts, both that it is false (d&#8217;oh!) and that it is neither. So it can&#8217;t be false. Could it be neither true nor false? No &#8211; because if it were, then the second disjunct would be true, and thus the whole sentence would be true. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/beall-jc.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43231\" width=\"380\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/beall-jc.jpeg 620w, https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/beall-jc-450x315.jpeg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>It would seem simpler to say <\/strong>that if the sentence is false, then (because the first disjunct would thereby be true) it will also be true. And if it is true &#8211; again, this requires at least one disjunct to be true. If we pick the first, then it will be both true and false. And if we pick that it is neither true nor false (the right disjunct) &#8211; then it won&#8217;t be true. So it looks like the one way for it to be true is for it to also be false, and that the only way for it to be false requires it also to be true. It looks like we should say that this sentence is both true and false. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Now if<\/strong> (1) for entirely non-theological reasons we have reason to believe that there can be true contradictions, and if (2) as Dr. Beall explained <a aria-label=\"last time (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/podcast-324-dr-jc-beall-the-contradictory-christ-part-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"ek-link\">last time<\/a>, all the attempts to make a divine-and-human Christ turn out consistent are problematic, and if (3) we have strong reasons to believe that Christ is both human and divine, then, as Dr. Beall argues here, <strong>why not just accept <\/strong>that the apparent contradictions of a divine-and-human Christ are not merely apparent but real, but nonetheless true (and false)?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Topics include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Why Dr. Beall doesn&#8217;t think relative identity theory helps.<\/li><li>How people get the idea from a standard first university course in Deductive Logic that all contradictions are only false. <\/li><li>The concepts of a logical vocabulary and of <strong>logic <\/strong>as universal and topic-neutral.<\/li><li>Entailment relations generally, and the specific relation of logical consequence.<\/li><li>The concept of <strong>logical possibility<\/strong> (which is broader than physical or metaphysical possibility).<\/li><li>So-called <strong>&#8220;classical&#8221; logic<\/strong> as a controversial account of logical consequence, and why Dr. Beall rejects it.<\/li><li>Truth-value &#8220;gaps&#8221; (where a claim is neither true nor false) and &#8220;gluts&#8221; (where a claim is both true and false).<\/li><li>How the famous <strong>&#8220;liar paradox&#8221;<\/strong> supports the possibility of true contradictions.<\/li><li>Why it won&#8217;t do to allow only truth-value gaps only, and not also gluts.<\/li><li>The objection that contradictory christology ruins any hope of successful apologetic defense of the Incarnation.<\/li><li>The objection that Christian tradition doesn&#8217;t allow for confessing certain claims as false.<\/li><li><strong>My objection<\/strong> that it is self-evident that nothing can be and not be a certain way at a single time &#8211; thus, there can&#8217;t be any contradictory beings, even if such are not ruled out by logic alone.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do you agree that a doctrine of a divine-human Christ should be accepted even though it implies contradictions? Why or why not? <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Links for this episode:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"339\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/beall-the-contradictory-christ-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43233\" srcset=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/beall-the-contradictory-christ-2.jpg 339w, https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/beall-the-contradictory-christ-2-277x450.jpg 277w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 339px) 100vw, 339px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/oxford.universitypressscholarship.com\/view\/10.1093\/oso\/9780198852360.001.0001\/oso-9780198852360?rskey=WO9Hpn&amp;result=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Contradictory Christ<\/a><\/em>&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Contradictory-Christ-Studies-Analytic-Theology\/dp\/0198852363\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Amazon<\/a>)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/entailments.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dr. Beall\u2019s homepage<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/philosophy.nd.edu\/people\/faculty\/jc-beall\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">page at Notre Dame<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Spandrels-Truth-Jc-Beall\/dp\/0199268738\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Spandrels of Truth (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"ek-link\">Spandrels of Truth<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a aria-label=\"Relative Identity and Trinity theories (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/trinity\/#RelIde\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"ek-link\">Relative Identity and Trinity theories<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Joseph Jedwab, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/place.asburyseminary.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=2229&amp;context=faithandphilosophy\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"ek-link\">Against the Geachian Theory of the Trinity and Incarnation<\/a>&#8220;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a aria-label=\"podcast 68 \u2013 Dr. Harriet Baber on Relative Identity and the Trinity (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/podcast-68-dr-harriet-baber-on-relative-identity-and-the-trinity\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"ek-link\">podcast 68 \u2013 Dr. Harriet Baber on Relative Identity and the Trinity<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/podcast-271-does-your-trinity-theory-require-relative-identity\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"podcast 271 \u2013 Does your Trinity theory require relative identity? (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"ek-link\">podcast 271 \u2013 Does your Trinity theory require relative identity?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/simplicity\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Simplicity \/ &quot;Occam's Razor&quot; (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"ek-link\">Simplicity \/ &#8220;Occam&#8217;s Razor&#8221;<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/4ai0CJD7SAY\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"an intro to philosophy lecture on &quot;common sense&quot; and radical philosophical claims (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"ek-link\"><strong>an intro to philosophy lecture on &#8220;common sense&#8221; and radical philosophical claims<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a aria-label=\"(on open theism) - podcast 80 \u2013 Foreknowledge, Freedom, and Randomness (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/podcast-80-foreknowledge-freedom-and-randomness\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"ek-link\">(on open theism) &#8211; podcast 80 \u2013 Foreknowledge, Freedom, and Randomness<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/podcast-221-thomas-reid-on-human-prejudices-and-common-causes-of-error\/\">podcast 221 \u2013 Thomas Reid on human prejudices and common causes of error<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/podcast-220-thomas-reid-on-first-principles-and-common-sense-part-2\/\">podcast 220 \u2013 Thomas Reid on First Principles and Common Sense \u2013 Part 2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/podcast-219-thomas-reid-on-first-principles-and-common-sense-part-1\/\" class=\"ek-link\">podcast 219 \u2013 Thomas Reid on First Principles and Common Sense \u2013 Part 1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/podcast-263-tuggy-vs-date-debate-jesus-is-human-and-not-divine-part-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"podcast 263 \u2013 Tuggy vs. Date debate \u2013 Jesus is human and not divine \u2013 Part 1 (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"ek-link\"><strong>podcast 263 \u2013 Tuggy vs. Date debate \u2013 Jesus is human and not divine \u2013 Part 1<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This week&#8217;s thinking music is &#8220;<a aria-label=\"The Atmosphere (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/freemusicarchive.org\/music\/Little_Glass_Men\/Simplify\/The_Atmosphere_\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"ek-link\">The Atmosphere<\/a>&#8221;&nbsp;by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/freemusicarchive.org\/music\/Little_Glass_Men\">Little Glass Men<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dr. Beall explains and defends his suggestion that Christ is a contradiction. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":43231,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[37,16,15,58,33,56,10,9,57,77],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43222","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apologetics","category-books","category-christology","category-creeds","category-incarnation","category-interview","category-logic","category-philosophy","category-podcast","category-protestant"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43222","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43222"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43222\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43234,"href":"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43222\/revisions\/43234"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43231"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43222"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43222"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trinities.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43222"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}